Surface crystallization and second-order optical non-linearity in Gd2O3–Bi2O3–B2O3glasses

Does early non-linearity account for second-order motion?

A contrast-modulated (CM) pattern is formed when a modulating or envelope function imposes local contrast variations on a higher-frequency carrier. Motion may be seen when the envelope drifts across a stationary carrier and this has been attributed to a second-order pathway for motion. However, an early compressive response to luminance (e.g. in the photoreceptors) would introduce a distortion ...

Surface second-order nonlinear optical activity

Following the recent observation of a large second-harmonic intensity difference from a monolayer of chiral molecules with left and right circularly polarized light, the scattering theory is generalized and extended to predict linear and circular intensity differences for the more versatile sum-frequency spectroscopy. Estimates indicate that intensity differences should be detectable for a typi...

Second-order Linearity of Wilcoxon Statistics *

The rank statistics Sn(t) = 1 n ∑n i=1 ciRi(t) (t ∈ R), with Ri(t) being the rank of ei−txi, i = 1, . . . , n and e1, . . . , en being the random sample from the basic distribution with the cdf F , are considered as a random process with t in the role of parameter. Under some assumptions on ci, xi and on the underlying distribution, it is proved that the process {Sn( t √n)− Sn(0)− ESn(t), |t|2 ...

Second Order Surface Analysis

Results from analyzing the curvature of a surface can be used to improve the implementation, e ciency, and e ectiveness of manufacturing and visualization of sculptured surfaces. In this paper, we develop a robust method using hybrid symbolic and numeric operators to create trimmed surfaces each of which is solely convex, concave, or saddle and partitions the original surface. The same method i...

Second- and Third-Order Statistical Characterization of Non-Linearity and Non-Gaussianity of Adult and Fetal ECG Signals and Noise